Old Indian Legends, Iya, the Camp-eater, sentence 15
“This is to be your little son!” said he, smiling.
Who acts: This, little son, son · What happens: be, say, smile · To what, where: little son · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iya, the Camp-eater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, little son, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 son | punct |
| 2 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 son | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 son | cop |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 son | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 son | cop |
| 6 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 son | nmod:poss |
| 7 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 son | amod |
| 8 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 said | nsubj |
| 9 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 8 son | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 son | punct |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 smiling | nsubj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 smiling | punct |
| 14 | smiling | smile | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 said | ccomp |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | This | your little son | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: express | past | your little son | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | smile | gerund | son | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/13/15/