Old Indian Legends, Iya, the Camp-eater, sentence 26
“What? what?” asked they in great surprise, holding a hand to the ear to catch the words of the crier.
Who acts: people · What happens: ask, hold, catch, word · To what, where: great surprise, hand, words, crier
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iya, the Camp-eater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 What | punct |
| 2 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 7 asked | obj |
| 3 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 what | punct |
| 4 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 2 What | conj |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 what | punct |
| 6 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 What | punct |
| 7 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 asked | nsubj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 surprise | case |
| 10 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 surprise | amod |
| 11 | surprise | surprise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 asked | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 holding | punct |
| 13 | holding | hold | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 asked | advcl |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 hand | det |
| 15 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 holding | obj |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 ear | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 ear | det |
| 18 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 holding | obl |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 catch | mark |
| 20 | catch | catch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 holding | advcl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 words | det |
| 22 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 catch | obj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 crier | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 crier | det |
| 25 | crier | crier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 words | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | people | great surprise | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | hold | gerund | people not said here | a hand | to the ear | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme | |||
| 3 | catch | to-infinitive | people not said here | the words of the crier | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme | ||||
| 4 | word | the crier | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/13/26/