Old Indian Legends, The Warlike Seven, sentence 10

While they were going through it, the Bladder was heard to sneer and to say, “He! you should rise above these, brothers.”

Who acts: Fire, Bladder · What happens: go, hear, sneer, say, rise · To what, where: wood, Bladder, brothers, these · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Warlike Seven. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fire, Bladder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	While	while	SCONJ	_	4 going	mark
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 going	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 going	aux
4	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 heard	advcl
5	through	through	ADP	_	6 it	case
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 going	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 going	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Bladder	det
9	Bladder	Bladder	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 heard	nsubj
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 heard	aux:pass
11	heard	hear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
12	to	to	PART	_	13 sneer	mark
13	sneer	sneer	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 heard	xcomp
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 say	cc
15	to	to	PART	_	16 say	mark
16	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 sneer	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 rise	punct
18	“	"	PUNCT	_	23 rise	punct
19	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 rise	nsubj
20	!	!	PUNCT	_	19 He	punct
21	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	23 rise	nsubj
22	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 rise	aux
23	rise	rise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 say	ccomp
24	above	above	ADP	_	25 these	case
25	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	23 rise	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 brothers	punct
27	brothers	brother	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 rise	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 heard	punct
29	”	"	PUNCT	_	11 heard	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	go	past · progressive	Fire		wood	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through it=Initial_Location
2	hear	past · passive		the Bladder		tree rules
3	sneer	to-infinitive	the Bladder not said here			vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	say speech: express	to-infinitive	the Bladder not said here			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	rise in a quote	should	Bladder	brothers	these	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above this=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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