Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, sentence 112
From side to side the tree was swaying and crying in an old man's voice, “Help!
Who acts: tree · What happens: sway, cry · To what, where: Help, side, voice
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 2 side | case |
| 2 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swaying | obl |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 side | case |
| 4 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 side | nmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 tree | det |
| 6 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swaying | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 swaying | aux |
| 8 | swaying | sway | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 crying | cc |
| 10 | crying | cry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 swaying | conj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 voice | case |
| 12 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 man | det |
| 13 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 man | amod |
| 14 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 voice | nmod:poss |
| 15 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 14 man | case |
| 16 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 crying | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Help | punct |
| 18 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 Help | punct |
| 19 | Help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swaying | obl |
| 20 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 8 swaying | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sway | past · progressive | the tree | Help | side to side | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | cry speech: express | gerund | the tree not said here | a old man's voice | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in voice=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/2/112/