Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, sentence 147

Po!” shouted the mischievous wolves; “he says more ducks are to be found under the ashes!

Who acts: Po · What happens: shout, say, find · To what, where: mischievous wolves, more ducks, ashes · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Po), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Po	po	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shouted	nsubj
2	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Po	punct
3	”	"	PUNCT	_	1 Po	punct
4	shouted	shout	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wolves	det
6	mischievous	mischievous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 wolves	amod
7	wolves	wolf	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 shouted	obj
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 says	punct
9	“	"	PUNCT	_	11 says	punct
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 says	nsubj
11	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 shouted	conj
12	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 ducks	amod
13	ducks	duck	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 found	nsubj:pass
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 found	aux:pass
15	to	to	PART	_	17 found	mark
16	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 found	aux:pass
17	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 says	ccomp
18	under	under	ADP	_	20 ashes	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 ashes	det
20	ashes	ash	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 found	obl
21	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 shouted	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	shout speech: express in a quote	past	Po	the mischievous wolves		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Topic
2	say speech: assert	present	Po			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	find	present · passive		more ducks	the ashes	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/2/147/