Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, sentence 17
No one helps him when he is in trouble.
Who acts: one, IKTOMI · What happens: help, be · To what, where: IKTOMI, trouble
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, IKTOMI), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 one | det |
| 2 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 helps | nsubj |
| 3 | helps | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 helps | obj |
| 5 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 trouble | advmod |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 trouble | nsubj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 trouble | cop |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 trouble | case |
| 9 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 helps | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 helps | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | help | present | no one | IKTOMI | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary | ||||
| 2 | is | present | IKTOMI | trouble | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/2/17/