Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, sentence 35
They sang in unison a merry dance-song, and beat a lively tattoo on the drum.
Who acts: eyes · What happens: sing, beat · To what, where: merry dance song, unison, lively tattoo
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eyes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 sang | nsubj |
| 2 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 unison | case |
| 4 | unison | unison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sang | obl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 song | det |
| 6 | merry | merry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 song | amod |
| 7 | dance | dance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 song | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 dance | punct |
| 9 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sang | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 beat | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 beat | cc |
| 12 | beat | beat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 sang | conj |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 tattoo | det |
| 14 | lively | lively | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 tattoo | amod |
| 15 | tattoo | tattoo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 beat | obj |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 drum | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 drum | det |
| 18 | drum | drum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 beat | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sing speech: express | past | eyes = eye | a merry dance song | unison | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme | |||
| 2 | beat | infinitive | eyes = eye not said here | a lively tattoo | on the drum | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent tattoo=Instrument on drum=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/2/35/