Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Muskrat, sentence 2

The heap of smouldering ashes told of a recent open fire.

What happens: tell · To what, where: smouldering ashes · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Muskrat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 heap	det
2	heap	heap	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 ashes	case
4	smouldering	smouldering	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 ashes	compound
5	ashes	ash	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 heap	nmod
6	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 ashes	acl
7	of	of	ADP	_	11 fire	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 fire	det
9	recent	recent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 fire	amod
10	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 fire	amod
11	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 told	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 heap	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	participle		smouldering ashes not said here				of a recent open fire	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/4/2/