Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Muskrat, sentence 36
“Yes, yes,” said Iktomi, suddenly turning his gaze upon the unwelcome visitor; “I shall carry a large stone on my back.
Who acts: Iktomi · What happens: say, turn, carry, gaze · To what, where: gaze, large stone, back · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Muskrat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 2 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 7 said | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Yes | punct |
| 4 | yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 2 Yes | discourse |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Yes | punct |
| 6 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Yes | punct |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | Iktomi | Iktomi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 said | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 turning | punct |
| 10 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 11 turning | advmod |
| 11 | turning | turn | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 said | advcl |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 gaze | nmod:poss |
| 13 | gaze | gaze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 turning | obj |
| 14 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 17 visitor | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 visitor | det |
| 16 | unwelcome | unwelcome | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 visitor | amod |
| 17 | visitor | visitor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 turning | obl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 carry | punct |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 carry | punct |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 carry | nsubj |
| 21 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 carry | aux |
| 22 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 said | conj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 stone | det |
| 24 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 stone | amod |
| 25 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 carry | obj |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 back | case |
| 27 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 back | nmod:poss |
| 28 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 carry | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Iktomi | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | turn | gerund | Iktomi not said here | Iktomi's gaze | upon the unwelcome visitor; suddenly property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent gaze=Theme | |||
| 3 | carry in a quote | shall | Iktomi | a large stone | my back | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme | |||
| 4 | gaze | Iktomi | nom gaze «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/4/36/