Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Coyote, sentence 1
AFAR off upon a large level land, a summer sun was shining bright.
Who acts: summer sun · What happens: shine
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (summer sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | AFAR | AFAR | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 land | nsubj |
| 2 | off | off | ADV | _ | 7 land | advmod |
| 3 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 7 land | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 land | det |
| 5 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 land | amod |
| 6 | level | level | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 land | compound |
| 7 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 shining | punct |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 sun | det |
| 10 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sun | compound |
| 11 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 shining | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 shining | aux |
| 13 | shining | shine | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 land | conj |
| 14 | bright | bright | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 shining | xcomp |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 land | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shine | past · progressive | a summer sun | bright property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/5/1/