Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Coyote, sentence 11
A sleek gray-faced prairie wolf! his pointed black nose tucked in between his four feet drawn snugly together; his handsome bushy tail wound over his nose and feet; a coyote fast asleep in the shadow of a bunch of grass!--this is what Iktomi spied.
Who acts: sleek faced prairie wolf, Iktomi · What happens: tuck, draw, be, spy, wound, shadow · To what, where: pointed black nose, four feet, nose, bunch
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sleek faced prairie wolf, Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 wolf | det |
| 2 | sleek | sleek | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 wolf | amod |
| 3 | gray | gray | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 faced | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 gray | punct |
| 5 | faced | faced | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 wolf | amod |
| 6 | prairie | prairie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wolf | compound |
| 7 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 what | nsubj |
| 8 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 12 nose | punct |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 nose | nmod:poss |
| 10 | pointed | pointed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 nose | amod |
| 11 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 nose | amod |
| 12 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wolf | conj |
| 13 | tucked | tuck | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 nose | acl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 feet | case |
| 15 | between | between | ADP | _ | 18 feet | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 feet | nmod:poss |
| 17 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 feet | nummod |
| 18 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 tucked | obl |
| 19 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 feet | acl |
| 20 | snugly | snugly | ADV | _ | 19 drawn | advmod |
| 21 | together | together | ADV | _ | 19 drawn | advmod |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 wound | punct |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 wound | nmod:poss |
| 24 | handsome | handsome | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 wound | amod |
| 25 | bushy | bushy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 wound | amod |
| 26 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 wound | compound |
| 27 | wound | wound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wolf | conj |
| 28 | over | over | ADP | _ | 30 nose | case |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 nose | nmod:poss |
| 30 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 wound | nmod |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 feet | cc |
| 32 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 nose | conj |
| 33 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 asleep | punct |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 coyote | det |
| 35 | coyote | coyote | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 asleep | nsubj |
| 36 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 37 asleep | advmod |
| 37 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 wolf | parataxis |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 shadow | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 shadow | det |
| 40 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 asleep | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 bunch | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 bunch | det |
| 43 | bunch | bunch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 shadow | nmod |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 grass | case |
| 45 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 bunch | nmod |
| 46 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 37 asleep | punct |
| 47 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 7 wolf | punct |
| 48 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 50 what | nsubj |
| 49 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 50 what | cop |
| 50 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 51 | Iktomi | Iktomi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 spied | nsubj |
| 52 | spied | spy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 what | acl:relcl |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 50 what | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tuck | participle | Iktomi's pointed black nose not said here | Iktomi's four feet | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent in foot=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | draw | participle | Iktomi's four feet not said here | snugly, together property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | a sleek faced prairie wolf and Iktomi's pointed black nose and Iktomi's handsome bushy tail wound over Iktomi's nose and feet | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | spy | past | Iktomi | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | wound | Iktomi | Iktomi's nose and feet | nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent over=place | |||||
| 6 | shadow | a bunch of grass | nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/5/11/