Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Coyote, sentence 62
Sitting on his haunches, on the opposite side of the fire from where Iktomi stood, the coyote began to laugh at him.
Who acts: coyote, Iktomi · What happens: sit, stand, begin, laugh · To what, where: haunches
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (coyote, Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 began | advcl |
| 2 | on | on | ADP | _ | 4 haunches | case |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 haunches | nmod:poss |
| 4 | haunches | haunch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Sitting | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 side | punct |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 side | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 side | det |
| 8 | opposite | opposite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 side | amod |
| 9 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Sitting | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 fire | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 fire | det |
| 12 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 side | nmod |
| 13 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 16 stood | mark |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 16 stood | advmod |
| 15 | Iktomi | Iktomi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 stood | nsubj |
| 16 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 fire | acl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Sitting | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 coyote | det |
| 19 | coyote | coyote | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 began | nsubj |
| 20 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 laugh | mark |
| 22 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 began | xcomp |
| 23 | at | at | ADP | _ | 24 him | case |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 laugh | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | gerund | the coyote not said here | Iktomi's haunches | on the opposite side of the fire | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on haunch=Location | |||
| 2 | stand | past | Iktomi | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | begin | past | the coyote | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | laugh | to-infinitive | the coyote not said here | at Iktomi | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/5/62/