Old Indian Legends, The Badger and the Bear, sentence 141
The badger turned to look over his shoulder and to his great joy he beheld a Dakota brave in handsome buckskins.
Who acts: badger, father · What happens: turn, look, behold, joy · To what, where: Dakota
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Badger and the Bear. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (badger, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 badger | det |
| 2 | badger | badger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 turned | nsubj |
| 3 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 look | mark |
| 5 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 turned | xcomp |
| 6 | over | over | ADP | _ | 8 shoulder | case |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 shoulder | nmod:poss |
| 8 | shoulder | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 look | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 beheld | cc |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 joy | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 joy | nmod:poss |
| 12 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 joy | amod |
| 13 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 beheld | obl |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 beheld | nsubj |
| 15 | beheld | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 turned | conj |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 Dakota | det |
| 17 | Dakota | Dakota | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 beheld | obj |
| 18 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 beheld | xcomp |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 buckskins | case |
| 20 | handsome | handsome | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 buckskins | amod |
| 21 | buckskins | buckskin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 brave | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 turned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | past | the badger | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | look | to-infinitive | the badger not said here | over father's shoulder | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent over shoulder=Theme | ||||
| 3 | behold | past | father | a Dakota | to father's great joy; brave property | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dakota=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | joy | father | nom joy «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/7/141/