Old Indian Legends, The Tree-bound, sentence 114
Before the brave could leap from the tree he became tight-grown to the bark.
Who acts: Iktomi · What happens: leap, become, grow · To what, where: tree
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before | before | SCONJ | _ | 3 brave | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 brave | det |
| 3 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 leap | advcl |
| 4 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 leap | aux |
| 5 | leap | leap | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 tree | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 tree | det |
| 8 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 leap | obl |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 became | nsubj |
| 10 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 tree | acl:relcl |
| 11 | tight | tight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 grown | amod |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 tight | punct |
| 13 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 became | xcomp |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 bark | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 bark | det |
| 16 | bark | bark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 grown | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 leap | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leap | could | the tree | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from tree=Trajectory | |||||
| 2 | become | past | Iktomi | the tree not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | grow | participle | Iktomi not said here | to the bark | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/8/114/