Old Indian Legends, The Tree-bound, sentence 46

One by one the buffalo fell upon the sweet grass they were grazing.

Who acts: One, heads · What happens: fall, graze · To what, where: sweet grass

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One, heads), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 fell	nsubj
2	by	by	ADP	_	3 one	case
3	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	1 One	nmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 buffalo	det
5	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fell	nsubj
6	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	upon	upon	ADP	_	10 grass	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 grass	det
9	sweet	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 grass	amod
10	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fell	obl
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 grazing	nsubj
12	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 grazing	aux
13	grazing	graze	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 grass	acl:relcl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 fell	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	past	One by one			the sweet grass			vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon grass=Location
2	graze	past · progressive	heads = head	the sweet grass not said here					vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/8/46/