Old Indian Legends, The Tree-bound, sentence 87
He was passing now beyond the tree, when Iktomi, springing to his feet, called out: “How, how, my friend!
Who acts: Iktomi · What happens: pass, spring, call out · To what, where: tree, feet
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 passing | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 passing | aux |
| 3 | passing | pass | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 passing | advmod |
| 5 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 7 tree | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 tree | det |
| 7 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 passing | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 springing | punct |
| 9 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 12 springing | advmod |
| 10 | Iktomi | Iktomi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 springing | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 springing | punct |
| 12 | springing | spring | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 passing | conj |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 feet | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 feet | nmod:poss |
| 15 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 springing | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 called | punct |
| 17 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 feet | acl |
| 18 | out | out | ADP | _ | 17 called | compound:prt |
| 19 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 passing | punct |
| 20 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 How | punct |
| 21 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 passing | advmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 how | punct |
| 23 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 passing | advmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 friend | punct |
| 25 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 friend | nmod:poss |
| 26 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 passing | conj |
| 27 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 3 passing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass | past · progressive | Iktomi | the tree | now | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme beyond tree=Location | |||
| 2 | spring | gerund | Iktomi | Iktomi's feet | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to foot=Destination | ||||
| 3 | call out speech: assert | participle | Iktomi's feet not said here | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/8/87/