Old Indian Legends, The Tree-bound, sentence 98

The avenger began to scale the tree, when Iktomi cried to him: “My friend, your beaded buckskins may be torn by the branches.

Who acts: avenger, Iktomi, branches · What happens: begin, cry, bead, tear · To what, where: scale, avenger, friend · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (avenger, Iktomi, branches), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 avenger	det
2	avenger	avenger	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 began	nsubj
3	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 scale	mark
5	scale	scale	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 began	obj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 tree	det
7	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 began	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 cried	punct
9	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	11 cried	advmod
10	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 cried	nsubj
11	cried	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 began	parataxis
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 him	case
13	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 cried	obl
14	:	:	PUNCT	_	24 torn	punct
15	“	"	PUNCT	_	24 torn	punct
16	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 friend	nmod:poss
17	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 torn	nsubj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 buckskins	punct
19	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 buckskins	nmod:poss
20	beaded	bead	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 buckskins	amod
21	buckskins	buckskin	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 friend	conj
22	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 torn	aux
23	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	24 torn	aux:pass
24	torn	tear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 cried	conj
25	by	by	ADP	_	27 branches	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 branches	det
27	branches	branch	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 torn	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 began	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	begin	past	the avenger	scale		tree rules
2	cry speech: express	past	Iktomi		avenger	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient
3	bead in a quote	participle				vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source
4	tear in a quote	may · passive	the branches	My friend and your beaded buckskins		vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/8/98/