The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 12, sentence 31
And the wolf grinned as he listened, and held up his head a little higher than before.
Who acts: wolf, ram · What happens: grin, listen, hold up · To what, where: head
This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wolf, ram), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 grinned | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 wolf | det |
| 3 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 grinned | nsubj |
| 4 | grinned | grin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 7 listened | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 listened | nsubj |
| 7 | listened | listen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 grinned | ccomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 held | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 held | cc |
| 10 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 grinned | conj |
| 11 | up | up | ADP | _ | 10 held | compound:prt |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 head | nmod:poss |
| 13 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 grinned | obl:unmarked |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 little | det |
| 15 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 higher | obl:unmarked |
| 16 | higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 grinned | parataxis |
| 17 | than | than | ADP | _ | 18 before | case |
| 18 | before | before | ADV | _ | 16 higher | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 grinned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grin | past | the wolf | ram's head | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | listen | past | ram | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | hold up | past | the wolf not said here | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/12/31/