The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16, sentence 58
He was thinking of his mother and how poor they were since his father, who was a fisherman, had been drowned at sea, and wondering what he should do to earn a living for both of them.
Who acts: horse, father · What happens: think, be, drown, wonder, do, earn · To what, where: fisherman, men, sea, living
This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 thinking | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 thinking | aux |
| 3 | thinking | think | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 mother | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 mother | nmod:poss |
| 6 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 thinking | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 poor | cc |
| 8 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 poor | advmod |
| 9 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 mother | conj |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 drowned | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 drowned | aux:pass |
| 12 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 23 drowned | mark |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 father | nmod:poss |
| 14 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 drowned | nsubj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 fisherman | punct |
| 16 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 fisherman | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 fisherman | cop |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 fisherman | det |
| 19 | fisherman | fisherman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 father | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 father | punct |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 drowned | aux |
| 22 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 drowned | aux:pass |
| 23 | drowned | drown | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 mother | acl:relcl |
| 24 | at | at | ADP | _ | 25 sea | case |
| 25 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 drowned | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 wondering | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 wondering | cc |
| 28 | wondering | wonder | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 thinking | conj |
| 29 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 32 do | obj |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 do | nsubj |
| 31 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 do | aux |
| 32 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 wondering | xcomp |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 earn | mark |
| 34 | earn | earn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 do | advcl |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 living | det |
| 36 | living | living | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 earn | obj |
| 37 | for | for | ADP | _ | 38 both | case |
| 38 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 34 earn | obl |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 them | case |
| 40 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 both | nmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 thinking | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past · progressive | horse | of horse's mother | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | horse's father and a fisherman | a fisherman | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | drown | past · perfect · passive | men = man | sea | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 4 | wonder speech: ask | gerund | horse not said here | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | do | should | horse | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | earn | to-infinitive | horse not said here | a living | for both | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent living=Theme for both=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/16/58/