The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 9, sentence 83
‘Oh, take heart,’ replied the hawk; ‘things are never so bad but what they might be worse.
Who acts: you, things · What happens: take, reply, not be, be · To what, where: heart, hawk
This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 take | punct |
| 2 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 4 take | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Oh | punct |
| 4 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 take | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 replied | punct |
| 7 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 8 replied | punct |
| 8 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 take | conj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 hawk | det |
| 10 | hawk | hawk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 replied | obj |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 bad | punct |
| 12 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 17 bad | punct |
| 13 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 bad | nsubj |
| 14 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 bad | cop |
| 15 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 17 bad | advmod |
| 16 | so | so | ADV | _ | 17 bad | advmod |
| 17 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 take | advcl |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 23 worse | cc |
| 19 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 23 worse | nsubj |
| 20 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 worse | nsubj |
| 21 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 worse | aux |
| 22 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 worse | cop |
| 23 | worse | bad | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 17 bad | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 take | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | imperative | you not said here | heart | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Theme | ||||
| 2 | reply speech: assert | past | you not said here | the hawk | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent hawk=Topic | ||||
| 3 | not is | present | things | bad property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | might | bad property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/9/83/