The Blue Fairy Book, Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp, sentence 170
“Madam,” replied the slave, “who can help laughing to see an old fool offering to exchange fine new lamps for old ones?”
Who acts: Madam, old fool · What happens: reply, help, laugh, see, offer, exchange · To what, where: slave, old fool, fine new lamps · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Madam, old fool), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Madam | punct |
| 2 | Madam | madam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 replied | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Madam | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Madam | punct |
| 5 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 slave | det |
| 7 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 replied | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 help | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 help | punct |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 help | nsubj |
| 11 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 help | aux |
| 12 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 replied | ccomp |
| 13 | laughing | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 help | xcomp |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 see | mark |
| 15 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 laughing | xcomp |
| 16 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 fool | det |
| 17 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 fool | amod |
| 18 | fool | fool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 see | obj |
| 19 | offering | offer | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 fool | acl |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 exchange | mark |
| 21 | exchange | exchange | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 offering | xcomp |
| 22 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 lamps | amod |
| 23 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 lamps | amod |
| 24 | lamps | lamp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 exchange | obj |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 ones | case |
| 26 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 ones | amod |
| 27 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 exchange | obl |
| 28 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 12 help | punct |
| 29 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 help | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: ask | past | Madam | the slave | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | help in a quote | can | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | laugh in a quote | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | see in a quote | to-infinitive | a old fool | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fool=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | offer in a quote | gerund | a old fool not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | exchange not said to happen, in a quote | to-infinitive | a old fool not said here | fine new lamps | for old ones | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent lamp=Theme for one=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg503/12/170/