The Blue Fairy Book, The Water-lily. the Gold-spinners, sentence 40
Presently she heard the muffled tramp of horses, and soon the armed troop appeared, led by the Prince, who had prudently marked all the trees beforehand, in order to know the way.
Who acts: thread, armed troop · What happens: hear, muffle, appear, lead, mark, know · To what, where: muffled tramp, Prince, way
This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Water-lily. the Gold-spinners. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thread, armed troop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Presently | presently | ADV | _ | 3 heard | advmod |
| 2 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 tramp | det |
| 5 | muffled | muffle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 tramp | amod |
| 6 | tramp | tramp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 horses | case |
| 8 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 tramp | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 appeared | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 appeared | cc |
| 11 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 15 appeared | advmod |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 troop | det |
| 13 | armed | armed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 troop | amod |
| 14 | troop | troop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 appeared | nsubj |
| 15 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 heard | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 led | punct |
| 17 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 appeared | advcl |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 Prince | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Prince | det |
| 20 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 led | obl:agent |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 marked | punct |
| 22 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 marked | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 marked | aux |
| 24 | prudently | prudently | ADV | _ | 25 marked | advmod |
| 25 | marked | mark | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 Prince | acl:relcl |
| 26 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 trees | det:predet |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 trees | det |
| 28 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 marked | obj |
| 29 | beforehand | beforehand | ADV | _ | 25 marked | advmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 know | punct |
| 31 | in | in | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 34 know | mark |
| 32 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 in | fixed |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 know | mark |
| 34 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 appeared | conj |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 way | det |
| 36 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 know | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | thread | the muffled tramp of horses | presently property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer tramp=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | muffle | participle | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | appear | past | the armed troop | soon property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | lead | participle | the armed troop not said here | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | |||||
| 5 | mark | past · perfect · passive | the Prince | beforehand, prudently property | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme tree=Attribute | ||||
| 6 | know | to-infinitive | the armed troop not said here | the way | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer way=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg503/26/40/