The Blue Fairy Book, The Wonderful Sheep, part 1, sentence 84
“Perhaps the same thing has happened to us,” he said, smiling sheepishly.
Who acts: same thing, marvel · What happens: happen, say, smile · To what, where: us · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Wonderful Sheep, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (same thing, marvel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
| 2 | Perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 7 happened | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 thing | det |
| 4 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 thing | amod |
| 5 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 happened | nsubj |
| 6 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 happened | aux |
| 7 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 said | ccomp |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 us | case |
| 9 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 happened | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 happened | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 happened | punct |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 said | nsubj |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 smiling | punct |
| 15 | smiling | smile | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 said | advcl |
| 16 | sheepishly | sheepishly | ADV | _ | 15 smiling | advmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen in a quote | present · perfect | the same thing | us | perhaps property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | marvel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | smile | gerund | marvel not said here | sheepishly property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg503/30/84/