The Blue Fairy Book, Snow-white and Rose-red, sentence 37

In winter, when the earth is frozen hard, they are obliged to remain underground, for they can’t work their way through; but now, when the sun has thawed and warmed the ground, they break through and come up above to spy the land and steal what they can; what once falls into their hands and into their caves is not easily brought back to light.”

Who acts: dwarfs · What happens: freeze, oblige, remain, not work, thaw, warm · To what, where: earth, dwarfs, way, sun, ground, land

This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Snow-white and Rose-red. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dwarfs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 winter	case
2	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 frozen	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 winter	punct
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 frozen	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 earth	det
6	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 frozen	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 frozen	aux:pass
8	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 frozen	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 obliged	punct
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 obliged	nsubj
12	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 obliged	aux:pass
13	obliged	oblige	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 frozen	conj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 remain	mark
15	remain	remain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 obliged	xcomp
16	underground	underground	ADV	_	15 remain	advmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 work	punct
18	for	for	SCONJ	_	22 work	mark
19	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 work	nsubj
20	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 work	aux
21	n’t	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 work	advmod
22	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 remain	conj
23	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 way	nmod:poss
24	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 work	obl
25	through	through	ADV	_	24 way	advmod
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	34 thawed	punct
27	but	but	CCONJ	_	34 thawed	cc
28	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	34 thawed	advmod
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 thawed	punct
30	when	when	SCONJ	_	34 thawed	mark
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 sun	det
32	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 thawed	nsubj:pass
33	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 thawed	aux
34	thawed	thaw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	70 brought	advcl
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 warmed	cc
36	warmed	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 thawed	conj
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 ground	det
38	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 warmed	obj
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 break	punct
40	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	41 break	nsubj
41	break	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 thawed	parataxis
42	through	through	ADP	_	41 break	compound:prt
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 come	cc
44	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	41 break	conj
45	up	up	ADV	_	44 come	advmod
46	above	above	ADV	_	44 come	advmod
47	to	to	PART	_	48 spy	mark
48	spy	spy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	44 come	advcl
49	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	50 land	det
50	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 spy	obj
51	and	and	CCONJ	_	52 steal	cc
52	steal	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	48 spy	conj
53	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	52 steal	obj
54	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	55 can	nsubj
55	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	53 what	acl:relcl
56	;	;	PUNCT	_	59 falls	punct
57	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	59 falls	obj
58	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	59 falls	advmod
59	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 thawed	conj
60	into	into	ADP	_	62 hands	case
61	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	62 hands	nmod:poss
62	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	59 falls	obl
63	and	and	CCONJ	_	66 caves	cc
64	into	into	ADP	_	66 caves	case
65	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	66 caves	nmod:poss
66	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	62 hands	conj
67	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	70 brought	aux:pass
68	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	70 brought	advmod
69	easily	easily	ADV	_	70 brought	advmod
70	brought	bring	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 frozen	parataxis
71	back	back	ADV	_	70 brought	advmod
72	to	to	ADP	_	73 light	case
73	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	70 brought	obl
74	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 frozen	punct
75	”	"	PUNCT	_	8 frozen	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	present · passive		the earth		winter	hard property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result
2	oblige	present · passive		dwarfs = dwarf				vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result
3	remain	to-infinitive					underground property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	not work	can	dwarfs = dwarf	dwarfs's way				vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	thaw	present · perfect · passive		the sun		now		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result
6	warm	past		the ground				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent ground=Patient
7	break through	present	dwarfs = dwarf					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
8	come up	present	dwarfs = dwarf not said here				above property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9	spy	to-infinitive	dwarfs = dwarf not said here	the land				vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer land=Stimulus
10	steal	present	dwarfs = dwarf not said here					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location what=Theme
11	fall	present			dwarfs's hands and dwarfs's caves		once property	vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient what=Result
12	not bring back	present · passive			light		easily property	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: to light=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg503/36/37/