The Blue Fairy Book, Chapter I, sentence 74
He held his sword drawn in his hand, to defend himself if I should break loose; it was almost three inches long, and the hilt was of gold, enriched with diamonds.
Who acts: Emperor, I, sword, hilt · What happens: hold, draw, defend, break, be, enrich · To what, where: sword, hand, Emperor, gold
This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Chapter I. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Emperor, I, sword, hilt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 held | nsubj |
| 2 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 sword | nmod:poss |
| 4 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 held | obj |
| 5 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 sword | acl |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 hand | case |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 hand | nmod:poss |
| 8 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 drawn | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 defend | punct |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 defend | mark |
| 11 | defend | defend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 held | advcl |
| 12 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 11 defend | obj |
| 13 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 16 break | mark |
| 14 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 break | nsubj |
| 15 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 break | aux |
| 16 | break | break | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 defend | advcl |
| 17 | loose | loose | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 break | xcomp |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 long | punct |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 long | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 long | cop |
| 21 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 22 three | advmod |
| 22 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 inches | nummod |
| 23 | inches | inch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 long | obl:unmarked |
| 24 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 held | parataxis |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 gold | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 gold | cc |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 hilt | det |
| 28 | hilt | hilt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 gold | nsubj |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 gold | cop |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 gold | case |
| 31 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 long | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 enriched | punct |
| 33 | enriched | enrich | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 gold | acl |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 35 diamonds | case |
| 35 | diamonds | diamond | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 enriched | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 held | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | past | Emperor | Emperor's sword | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme | ||||
| 2 | draw | participle | Emperor's sword not said here | Emperor's hand | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in hand=Destination | ||||
| 3 | defend | to-infinitive | Emperor not said here | Emperor | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary | ||||
| 4 | break a condition, not said to happen | should | I | loose property | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | is | past | sword | three inches obl:unmarked; long property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | is | past | the hilt | of gold | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | enrich | participle | gold not said here | with diamonds | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with diamond=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg503/43/74/