The Red Fairy Book, The Norka, sentence 45
Presently he espied a horse with rich trappings, and it said to him:
Who acts: Norka, horse · What happens: espy, say · To what, where: horse, Norka · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Norka. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Norka, horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Presently | presently | ADV | _ | 3 espied | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 espied | nsubj |
| 3 | espied | espy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 horse | det |
| 5 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 espied | obj |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 trappings | case |
| 7 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 trappings | amod |
| 8 | trappings | trapping | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 espied | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 said | cc |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 said | nsubj |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 espied | conj |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 him | case |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 said | obl |
| 15 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 espied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | espy | past | Norka | a horse | with rich trappings; presently property | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer horse=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | horse | Norka | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/13/45/