The Red Fairy Book, Jack Sells the Cow, sentence 5

The widow saw that there was no means of keeping Jack and herself from starvation but by selling her cow; so one morning she said to her son, ‘I am too weak to go myself, Jack, so you must take the cow to market for me, and sell her.’

Who acts: widow, no, Jack, I, you · What happens: see, be, keep, sell, say, go · To what, where: Jack, starvation, cow, son, myself · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jack Sells the Cow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (widow, no, Jack, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 widow	det
2	widow	widow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 saw	nsubj
3	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 means	mark
5	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	8 means	expl
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 means	cop
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 means	nsubj
8	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 saw	ccomp
9	of	of	SCONJ	_	10 keeping	mark
10	keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 means	advcl
11	Jack	Jack	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 keeping	obj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 herself	cc
13	herself	herself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	11 Jack	conj
14	from	from	ADP	_	15 starvation	case
15	starvation	starvation	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 keeping	obl
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	18 selling	cc
17	by	by	SCONJ	_	18 selling	mark
18	selling	sell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 keeping	conj
19	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 cow	nmod:poss
20	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 selling	obj
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 said	punct
22	so	so	ADV	_	26 said	advmod
23	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	24 morning	nummod
24	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 said	obl:unmarked
25	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 said	nsubj
26	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 saw	conj
27	to	to	ADP	_	29 son	case
28	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	29 son	nmod:poss
29	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 said	obl
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 weak	punct
31	‘	'	PUNCT	_	35 weak	punct
32	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	35 weak	nsubj
33	am	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 weak	cop
34	too	too	ADV	_	35 weak	advmod
35	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 said	parataxis
36	to	to	PART	_	37 go	mark
37	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	35 weak	advcl
38	myself	myself	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	37 go	obj
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 Jack	punct
40	Jack	Jack	PROPN	Number=Sing	37 go	obl
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 take	punct
42	so	so	ADV	_	45 take	advmod
43	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	45 take	nsubj
44	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	45 take	aux
45	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 saw	parataxis
46	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	47 cow	det
47	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 take	obj
48	to	to	PART	_	49 market	mark
49	market	market	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 take	obj
50	for	for	ADP	_	51 me	case
51	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	45 take	obl
52	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 sell	punct
53	and	and	CCONJ	_	54 sell	cc
54	sell	sell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	45 take	conj
55	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	54 sell	obj
56	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 saw	punct
57	’	'	PUNCT	_	3 saw	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past	the widow						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	is	past	no			there		mean property	tree rules
3	keep	gerund	no not said here		Jack	starvation			vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer jack=Beneficiary from starvation=Eventuality
4	sell	gerund	no not said here	Jack's cow					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Theme
5	say speech: assert	past	Jack		Jack's son		morning		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to son=Recipient
6	is	present	I					weak property	tree rules
7	go	to-infinitive	I not said here	myself				Jack obl	vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location myself=Theme
8	take	must	you	the cow				for me	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument cow=Theme market=Destination
9	sell	infinitive	you not said here	Jack					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/15/5/