The Red Fairy Book, Wonderful Growth of the Beanstalk, sentence 63
By-and-by he heard a heavy tramp on the stairs, like the lumbering along of a great cannon, and then a voice like thunder cried out;
Who acts: boy, voice · What happens: hear, cry out · To what, where: heavy tramp, stairs
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Wonderful Growth of the Beanstalk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | root | root |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 and | punct |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 1 By | cc |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 and | punct |
| 5 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 7 heard | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 heard | nsubj |
| 7 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 and | advcl |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 tramp | det |
| 9 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 tramp | amod |
| 10 | tramp | tramp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 heard | obj |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 stairs | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 stairs | det |
| 13 | stairs | stair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 heard | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 lumbering | punct |
| 15 | like | like | ADP | _ | 17 lumbering | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 lumbering | det |
| 17 | lumbering | lumbering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 heard | conj |
| 18 | along | along | ADP | _ | 22 cannon | case |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 cannon | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 cannon | det |
| 21 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 cannon | amod |
| 22 | cannon | cannon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 lumbering | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 cried | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 cried | cc |
| 25 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 30 cried | advmod |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 voice | det |
| 27 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 cried | nsubj |
| 28 | like | like | ADP | _ | 29 thunder | case |
| 29 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 voice | nmod |
| 30 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 heard | conj |
| 31 | out | out | ADP | _ | 30 cried | compound:prt |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 1 By | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | boy | a heavy tramp | the stairs | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer tramp=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | cry out speech: express | past | a voice like thunder | then | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/16/63/