The Red Fairy Book, The Three Dwarfs, part 2, sentence 69

He cut holes in the corn sacks so that barley and rye ran out on every side, and all the wild birds that were in the forest came in such numbers that they darkened the sun. But when they caught sight of the corn they could not refrain from it, but flew down and began to scratch and pick at the corn and rye, and at last they began to fight among themselves, and forgot all about the youth and Dapplegrim, and did them no harm.

Who acts: youth, barley, wild birds, birds · What happens: cut, run out, be, come, darken, catch · To what, where: holes, corn sacks, side, forest, such numbers, sun.

This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Three Dwarfs, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youth, barley, wild birds, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 cut	nsubj
2	cut	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cut	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 sacks	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sacks	det
6	corn	corn	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sacks	compound
7	sacks	sack	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cut	obl
8	so	so	SCONJ	_	13 ran	mark
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 ran	mark
10	barley	barley	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ran	nsubj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 rye	cc
12	rye	rye	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 barley	conj
13	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 cut	advcl
14	out	out	ADP	_	13 ran	compound:prt
15	on	on	ADP	_	17 side	case
16	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	17 side	det
17	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ran	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 came	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 came	cc
20	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	23 birds	det:predet
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 birds	det
22	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 birds	amod
23	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 came	nsubj
24	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	28 forest	nsubj
25	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 forest	cop
26	in	in	ADP	_	28 forest	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 forest	det
28	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 birds	acl:relcl
29	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 cut	parataxis
30	in	in	ADP	_	32 numbers	case
31	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 numbers	amod
32	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 came	obl
33	that	that	SCONJ	_	35 darkened	mark
34	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 darkened	nsubj
35	darkened	darken	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	29 came	advcl
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 sun.	det
37	sun.	sun.	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 darkened	obj
38	But	but	CCONJ	_	49 refrain	cc
39	when	when	SCONJ	_	41 caught	mark
40	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	41 caught	nsubj
41	caught	catch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	49 refrain	advcl
42	sight	sight	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 caught	obj
43	of	of	ADP	_	45 corn	case
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 corn	det
45	corn	corn	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 sight	nmod
46	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	49 refrain	nsubj
47	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	49 refrain	aux
48	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	49 refrain	advmod
49	refrain	refrain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	35 darkened	conj
50	from	from	ADP	_	51 it	case
51	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	49 refrain	obl
52	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 flew	punct
53	but	but	CCONJ	_	54 flew	cc
54	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 cut	parataxis
55	down	down	ADP	_	54 flew	compound:prt
56	and	and	CCONJ	_	57 began	cc
57	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	54 flew	conj
58	to	to	PART	_	59 scratch	mark
59	scratch	scratch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	57 began	xcomp
60	and	and	CCONJ	_	61 pick	cc
61	pick	pick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	59 scratch	conj
62	at	at	ADP	_	64 corn	case
63	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	64 corn	det
64	corn	corn	NOUN	Number=Sing	61 pick	obl
65	and	and	CCONJ	_	66 rye	cc
66	rye	rye	NOUN	Number=Sing	64 corn	conj
67	,	,	PUNCT	_	72 began	punct
68	and	and	CCONJ	_	72 began	cc
69	at	at	ADP	_	70 last	case
70	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	72 began	obl
71	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	72 began	nsubj
72	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 cut	conj
73	to	to	PART	_	74 fight	mark
74	fight	fight	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	72 began	xcomp
75	among	among	ADP	_	76 themselves	case
76	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	74 fight	obl
77	,	,	PUNCT	_	79 forgot	punct
78	and	and	CCONJ	_	79 forgot	cc
79	forgot	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 cut	conj
80	all	all	ADV	_	79 forgot	advmod
81	about	about	ADP	_	83 youth	case
82	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	83 youth	det
83	youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Sing	79 forgot	obl
84	and	and	CCONJ	_	85 Dapplegrim	cc
85	Dapplegrim	Dapplegrim	PROPN	Number=Sing	83 youth	conj
86	,	,	PUNCT	_	88 did	punct
87	and	and	CCONJ	_	88 did	cc
88	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 cut	conj
89	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	88 did	obj
90	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	91 harm	det
91	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	88 did	obj
92	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cut	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	cut	past	youth	holes	the corn sacks		vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Product
2	run out	past	barley and rye		every side		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on side=Trajectory
3	is	past	all wild birds		the forest		tree rules
4	come	past	all wild birds		such numbers		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in number=Location
5	darken	past	birds = bird	the sun.			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sun.=Patient
6	catch	past	birds = bird	sight of the corn			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sight=Theme
7	not refrain	could	birds = bird		hole		vn refrain-69 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent from it=Eventuality
8	fly down	past					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9	begin	past					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
10	scratch	to-infinitive					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
11	pick	infinitive				at the corn and rye	vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at corn=Patient
12	begin	past	birds = bird		last		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
13	fight	to-infinitive	birds = bird not said here			among birds = bird	vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
14	forget	past	youth not said here			about the youth and Dapplegrim; all property	tree rules
15	do	past	youth not said here	birds = bird			tree rules
16	sight			the corn			nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/38/69/