The Red Fairy Book, The Enchanted Canary, sentence 231
So he presented the gypsy to the lords and ladies of the Court, explaining to them the terrible misfortune which had befallen his beautiful bride.
Who acts: skin · What happens: present, explain, befall · To what, where: gypsy, lords, terrible misfortune, ladies
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Canary. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (skin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 presented | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 presented | nsubj |
| 3 | presented | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 gypsy | det |
| 5 | gypsy | gypsy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 presented | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 lords | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 lords | det |
| 8 | lords | lord | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 presented | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 ladies | cc |
| 10 | ladies | lady | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 lords | conj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 Court | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Court | det |
| 13 | Court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ladies | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 explaining | punct |
| 15 | explaining | explain | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 presented | advcl |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 them | case |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 explaining | obl |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 misfortune | det |
| 19 | terrible | terrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 misfortune | amod |
| 20 | misfortune | misfortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 explaining | obj |
| 21 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 befallen | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 befallen | aux |
| 23 | befallen | befall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 misfortune | acl:relcl |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 bride | nmod:poss |
| 25 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 bride | amod |
| 26 | bride | bride | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 befallen | obj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 presented | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | present | past | skin | the gypsy | the lords and ladies of the Court | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent gypsy=Theme to lord=Recipient | |||
| 2 | explain speech: assert | gerund | skin not said here | the terrible misfortune | ladies = lady | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent misfortune=Topic to they=Recipient | |||
| 3 | befall | past · perfect · passive | the terrible misfortune | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/40/231/