The Red Fairy Book, Farmer Weatherbeard, sentence 82
‘Yes; now the crows are close behind us,’ said the man.
Who acts: crows, man · What happens: be, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Farmer Weatherbeard. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crows, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
| 2 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 8 close | discourse |
| 3 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 2 Yes | punct |
| 4 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 close | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 crows | det |
| 6 | crows | crow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 close | nsubj |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 close | cop |
| 8 | close | close | ADV | Degree=Pos | 13 said | advmod |
| 9 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 10 us | case |
| 10 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 close | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 close | punct |
| 12 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 8 close | punct |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 man | det |
| 15 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 said | nsubj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the crows | now | behind us; close property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the man | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/43/82/