The Red Fairy Book, The Story of Sigurd, sentence 31

But Sigurd answered, ‘I have heard stories of that treasure, and I know that the dragon Fafnir guards it, and he is so huge and wicked that no man dares to go near him.’

Who acts: Sigurd, I, dragon, man · What happens: answer, hear, know, guard, be, dare · To what, where: heard stories, treasure

This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Sigurd. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sigurd, I, dragon, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	3 answered	cc
2	Sigurd	Sigurd	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 answered	nsubj
3	answered	answer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 heard	punct
5	‘	'	PUNCT	_	8 heard	punct
6	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 heard	nsubj
7	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 heard	aux
8	heard	hear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 stories	amod
9	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 answered	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 treasure	case
11	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	12 treasure	det
12	treasure	treasure	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stories	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 know	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 know	cc
15	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 know	nsubj
16	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 answered	parataxis
17	that	that	SCONJ	_	21 guards	mark
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 dragon	det
19	dragon	dragon	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 guards	nsubj
20	Fafnir	Fafnir	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 dragon	appos
21	guards	guard	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 know	ccomp
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 guards	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 huge	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 huge	cc
25	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 huge	nsubj
26	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 huge	cop
27	so	so	ADV	_	28 huge	advmod
28	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 know	parataxis
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 wicked	cc
30	wicked	wicked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 huge	conj
31	that	that	SCONJ	_	34 dares	mark
32	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	33 man	det
33	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 dares	nsubj
34	dares	dare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 huge	advcl
35	to	to	PART	_	36 go	mark
36	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	34 dares	xcomp
37	near	near	ADP	_	38 him	case
38	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 go	obl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 answered	punct
40	’	'	PUNCT	_	3 answered	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	answer speech: assert	past	Sigurd	heard stories of that treasure		vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent story=Eventuality
2	hear	present · perfect	I			vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer
3	know	present	I			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
4	guard	present	the dragon	treasure		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary
5	is	present	Sigurd		huge property	tree rules
6	be		Sigurd not said here			tree rules
7	dare	present	no man			vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
8	go	to-infinitive	no man not said here		near Sigurd	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme near he=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/51/31/