The Red Fairy Book, The Story of Sigurd, sentence 90
And Fafnir had lived in a cave with iron doors, a cave dug deep down in the earth, and full of gold bracelets, and crowns, and rings; and there, too, Sigurd found the Helm of Dread, a golden helmet, and whoever wears it is invisible.
Who acts: Fafnir, Sigurd, whoever, Helm · What happens: live, dig, find, wear, be · To what, where: cave, earth, Helm
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Sigurd. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fafnir, Sigurd, whoever, Helm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 lived | cc |
| 2 | Fafnir | Fafnir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 lived | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 lived | aux |
| 4 | lived | live | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 cave | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 cave | det |
| 7 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lived | obl |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 doors | case |
| 9 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 doors | compound |
| 10 | doors | door | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 cave | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 cave | punct |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 cave | det |
| 13 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cave | conj |
| 14 | dug | dig | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 cave | acl |
| 15 | deep | deep | ADV | _ | 16 down | advmod |
| 16 | down | down | ADV | _ | 14 dug | advmod |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 earth | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 earth | det |
| 19 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 dug | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 full | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 full | cc |
| 22 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 lived | conj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 bracelets | case |
| 24 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 bracelets | compound |
| 25 | bracelets | bracelet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 full | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 crowns | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 crowns | cc |
| 28 | crowns | crown | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 bracelets | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 rings | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 rings | cc |
| 31 | rings | ring | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 bracelets | conj |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 there | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 there | cc |
| 34 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 lived | advcl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 too | punct |
| 36 | too | too | ADV | _ | 34 there | advmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 found | punct |
| 38 | Sigurd | Sigurd | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 found | nsubj |
| 39 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 lived | parataxis |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 Helm | det |
| 41 | Helm | Helm | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 found | obj |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 Dread | case |
| 43 | Dread | Dread | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Helm | nmod |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 helmet | punct |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 helmet | det |
| 46 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 helmet | amod |
| 47 | helmet | helmet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 Helm | appos |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 wears | punct |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 wears | cc |
| 50 | whoever | whoever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 51 wears | nsubj |
| 51 | wears | wear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 found | conj |
| 52 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 invisible | nsubj |
| 53 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 54 invisible | cop |
| 54 | invisible | invisible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 wears | ccomp |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past · perfect | Fafnir | a cave with iron doors and a cave | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cave=Location | ||||
| 2 | dig | participle | a cave not said here | the earth | down property | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in earth=Location | |||
| 3 | find | past | Sigurd | the Helm of Dread | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent helm=Topic | ||||
| 4 | wear | present | whoever | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is | present | Helm | invisible property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/51/90/