The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chapter III. How Dorothy Saved the Scarecrow, sentence 4

Toto ran over to the trees and began to bark at the birds sitting there.

Who acts: Toto, birds · What happens: run over, begin, bark, sit

This is a sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter III. How Dorothy Saved the Scarecrow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Toto, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toto	Toto	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 ran	nsubj
2	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	over	over	ADV	_	2 ran	advmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 trees	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 trees	det
6	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ran	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 began	cc
8	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 ran	conj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 bark	mark
10	bark	bark	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 began	xcomp
11	at	at	ADP	_	13 birds	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 birds	det
13	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 bark	obl
14	sitting	sit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 birds	acl
15	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	14 sitting	advmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ran	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	run over	past	Toto		to the trees result; over property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to tree=Result
2	begin	past	Toto not said here			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	bark	to-infinitive	Toto not said here		at the birds	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at bird=Stimulus
4	sit	gerund	the birds not said here	there		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Project Gutenberg book 55 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg55/5/4/