The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 14, sentence 106
The girl answered that these shrieks were heard every night, but it was no living being who uttered them; it was a dead man, who life the host had taken because he could not pay for the meals he had had in the inn.
Who acts: girl, den, living, dead man, life, prince · What happens: answer, hear, be, life, take, not pay · To what, where: shrieks, living, dead man, host, meals, inn · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (girl, den, living, dead man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 girl | det |
| 2 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 answered | nsubj |
| 3 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 heard | mark |
| 5 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 6 shrieks | det |
| 6 | shrieks | shriek | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 heard | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 heard | aux:pass |
| 8 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 answered | ccomp |
| 9 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 night | det |
| 10 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 heard | obl:unmarked |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 living | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 living | cc |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 living | nsubj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 living | cop |
| 15 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 16 living | det |
| 16 | living | living | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 heard | conj |
| 17 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 uttered | cop |
| 18 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 uttered | nsubj |
| 19 | uttered | utter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 living | acl:relcl |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 uttered | obj |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 man | punct |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 man | nsubj |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 man | cop |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 man | det |
| 25 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 man | amod |
| 26 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 answered | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 life | punct |
| 28 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 life | nsubj |
| 29 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 man | conj |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 host | det |
| 31 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 taken | aux |
| 33 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 life | acl:relcl |
| 34 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 38 pay | mark |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 pay | nsubj |
| 36 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 pay | aux |
| 37 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 pay | advmod |
| 38 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 taken | ccomp |
| 39 | for | for | ADP | _ | 41 meals | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 meals | det |
| 41 | meals | meal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 pay | obl |
| 42 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 had | nsubj |
| 43 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 had | aux |
| 44 | had | have | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 41 meals | acl:relcl |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 inn | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 inn | det |
| 47 | inn | inn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 had | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | the girl | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | hear | past · passive | this shrieks | night | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | den | no living | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | gerund | no living | utter property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is a | past | den | a dead man and life | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | life | a dead man and life | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | take | past · perfect · passive | life not said here | the host | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute | ||||
| 8 | not pay | could | prince | for the meals | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for meal=Theme | ||||
| 9 | have | past · perfect | prince | the meals not said here | the inn | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meal=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/14/106/