The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 21, sentence 14
One morning she was driving her cows through the meadows when she heard near by a loud groan that almost sounded human.
Who acts: girl, loud groan · What happens: drive, hear, sound · To what, where: cows, meadows
This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (girl, loud groan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 morning | nummod |
| 2 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 driving | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 driving | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 driving | aux |
| 5 | driving | drive | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 cows | nmod:poss |
| 7 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 driving | obj |
| 8 | through | through | ADP | _ | 10 meadows | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 meadows | det |
| 10 | meadows | meadow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 driving | obl |
| 11 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 heard | advmod |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 heard | nsubj |
| 13 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 driving | advcl |
| 14 | near | near | ADV | _ | 13 heard | advmod |
| 15 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 groan | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 groan | det |
| 17 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 groan | amod |
| 18 | groan | groan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 heard | obl |
| 19 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 sounded | nsubj |
| 20 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 21 sounded | advmod |
| 21 | sounded | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 groan | acl:relcl |
| 22 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 sounded | xcomp |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 driving | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drive | past · progressive | girl | girl's cows | the meadows | morning | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cow=Theme through meadow=Trajectory | ||
| 2 | hear | past | girl | by a loud groan; near property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | sound | past | a loud groan | almost, human property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/21/14/