The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 39, sentence 1
But the horse said, ‘Oh, never lose heart, but jump on my back, and make me go till the foam flies in flecks all about me.
Who acts: horse, me, foam · What happens: say, not lose, jump, make, go, fly · To what, where: heart, back, me, flecks · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse, me, foam), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 said | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 horse | det |
| 3 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 lose | punct |
| 6 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 10 lose | punct |
| 7 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 10 lose | discourse |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Oh | punct |
| 9 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 10 lose | advmod |
| 10 | lose | lose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 said | ccomp |
| 11 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lose | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 jump | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 jump | cc |
| 14 | jump | jump | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 lose | conj |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 back | case |
| 16 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 back | nmod:poss |
| 17 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 jump | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 make | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 make | cc |
| 20 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 lose | conj |
| 21 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 make | obj |
| 22 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 make | xcomp |
| 23 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 26 flies | mark |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 foam | det |
| 25 | foam | foam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 flies | nsubj |
| 26 | flies | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 go | advcl |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 flecks | case |
| 28 | flecks | fleck | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 flies | obl |
| 29 | all | all | ADV | _ | 31 me | advmod |
| 30 | about | about | ADP | _ | 31 me | case |
| 31 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 flies | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the horse | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | not lose | infinitive | heart | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | jump | infinitive | my back | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on back=Trajectory | |||||
| 4 | make | infinitive | me | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | go | infinitive | me not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | fly | present | the foam | flecks | about me | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fleck=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/39/1/