Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 1, sentence 17
Russia is a country where artistic development began very late; where popular lore was conserved with little alteration owing to the immensities of the country, the primitiveness of the people, and the punctiliousness of the compilers.
Who acts: Russia, artistic development, little alteration · What happens: be, begin, conserve, owe · To what, where: country, popular lore, immensities
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Russia, artistic development, little alteration), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Russia | Russia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 country | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 country | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 country | det |
| 4 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 8 began | advmod |
| 6 | artistic | artistic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 development | amod |
| 7 | development | development | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 began | nsubj |
| 8 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 country | acl:relcl |
| 9 | very | very | ADV | _ | 10 late | advmod |
| 10 | late | late | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 began | advmod |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 conserved | punct |
| 12 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 16 conserved | advmod |
| 13 | popular | popular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 lore | amod |
| 14 | lore | lore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 conserved | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 conserved | aux:pass |
| 16 | conserved | conserve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 country | conj |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 alteration | case |
| 18 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 alteration | amod |
| 19 | alteration | alteration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 conserved | obl |
| 20 | owing | owe | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 alteration | acl |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 immensities | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 immensities | det |
| 23 | immensities | immensity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 owing | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 country | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 country | det |
| 26 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 immensities | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 primitiveness | punct |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 primitiveness | det |
| 29 | primitiveness | primitiveness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 alteration | conj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 people | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 people | det |
| 32 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 primitiveness | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 punctiliousness | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 punctiliousness | cc |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 punctiliousness | det |
| 36 | punctiliousness | punctiliousness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 conserved | obl |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 compilers | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 compilers | det |
| 39 | compilers | compiler | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 punctiliousness | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 country | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Russia | a country | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | artistic development | late property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | conserve | past · passive | popular lore | with little alteration and the primitiveness of the people; the punctiliousness of the compilers obl | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | owe | gerund | little alteration and the primitiveness of the people not said here | to the immensities of the country goal | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to immensity=Goal |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/1/17/