Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 1, sentence 53
The Witch who lives in the forest, rides the winds in a mortar, devours human flesh, lives in a hut on cocks’ legs, is one of the commonest.
Who acts: Witch · What happens: live, ride, devour, be · To what, where: forest, winds, mortar, human flesh, hut, one
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Witch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Witch | det |
| 2 | Witch | witch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 rides | nsubj |
| 3 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 lives | nsubj |
| 4 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 Witch | acl:relcl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 forest | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 forest | det |
| 7 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lives | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Witch | punct |
| 9 | rides | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 winds | det |
| 11 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 rides | obj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 mortar | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 mortar | det |
| 14 | mortar | mortar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 winds | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 devours | punct |
| 16 | devours | devour | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 rides | conj |
| 17 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 flesh | amod |
| 18 | flesh | flesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 devours | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 lives | punct |
| 20 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 rides | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 hut | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 hut | det |
| 23 | hut | hut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 lives | obl |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 legs | case |
| 25 | cocks | cock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 legs | nmod:poss |
| 26 | ’ | 's | PART | _ | 25 cocks | case |
| 27 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 lives | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 one | punct |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 one | cop |
| 30 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 rides | parataxis |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 commonest | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 commonest | det |
| 33 | commonest | common | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 30 one | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 rides | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | the Witch | the forest | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location | ||||
| 2 | ride | present | the Witch | the winds | a mortar | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wind=Theme | |||
| 3 | devour | present | the Witch not said here | human flesh | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flesh=Patient | ||||
| 4 | live | present | the Witch not said here | a hut | on cocks's legs | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hut=Location | |||
| 5 | is a | present | one | of the commonest | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/1/53/