Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 10, sentence 50
You would never have seen your Tsar again for ages of eternity, if a young _guslyár_ had not arrived, for whom I am going to pray God, and I do not grudge giving him half my kingdom.”
Who acts: You, I · What happens: not see, not arrive, go, pray, not grudge, give · To what, where: Tsar, young guslyár _, God, kingdom
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 seen | nsubj |
| 2 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 seen | aux |
| 3 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 seen | advmod |
| 4 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 seen | aux |
| 5 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 Tsar | nmod:poss |
| 7 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 seen | obj |
| 8 | again | again | ADV | _ | 5 seen | advmod |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 ages | case |
| 10 | ages | age | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 seen | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 eternity | case |
| 12 | eternity | eternity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ages | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 arrived | punct |
| 14 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 22 arrived | mark |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 _ | det |
| 16 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 _ | amod |
| 17 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 16 young | punct |
| 18 | guslyár | guslyár | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 _ | compound |
| 19 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 arrived | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 arrived | aux |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 arrived | advmod |
| 22 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 seen | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 whom | punct |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 25 whom | case |
| 25 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 arrived | obl |
| 26 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 going | nsubj |
| 27 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 going | aux |
| 28 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 whom | acl:relcl |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 pray | mark |
| 30 | pray | pray | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 going | xcomp |
| 31 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 pray | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 grudge | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 grudge | cc |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 grudge | nsubj |
| 35 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 grudge | aux |
| 36 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 37 grudge | advmod |
| 37 | grudge | grudge | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 arrived | conj |
| 38 | giving | give | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 37 grudge | xcomp |
| 39 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 giving | iobj |
| 40 | half | half | DET | NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind | 42 kingdom | det:predet |
| 41 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 kingdom | nmod:poss |
| 42 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 giving | obj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 seen | punct |
| 44 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 seen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not see | would · perfect | You | your Tsar | for ages of eternity; again | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tsar=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | not arrive a condition, not said to happen | past · perfect · passive | a young guslyár _ | whom obl | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | go | present · progressive | I | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | pray | to-infinitive | I not said here | God | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not grudge | present · do-support | I | vn admire-31.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | give | gerund | I not said here | my kingdom | God | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient kingdom=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/10/50/