Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 10, sentence 56
There was once, in a certain kingdom, a certain state, where there lived Tsar Výslav Andrónovich, who had three sons: the first was called Dmítri Tsarévich, the second Vasíli Tsarévich, and the third Iván Tsarévich.
Who acts: Tsar, three sons · What happens: be, live, have, call · To what, where: three sons, first · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar, three sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 2 was | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 kingdom | punct |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 kingdom | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 kingdom | det |
| 7 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 kingdom | amod |
| 8 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | parataxis |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 state | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 state | det |
| 11 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 state | amod |
| 12 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 kingdom | appos |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 lived | punct |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 16 lived | advmod |
| 15 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 16 lived | expl |
| 16 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 kingdom | conj |
| 17 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 had | nsubj |
| 18 | Výslav | Výslav | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Tsar | flat |
| 19 | Andrónovich | Andrónovich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Tsar | flat |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 had | punct |
| 21 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 had | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 lived | ccomp |
| 23 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 24 sons | nummod |
| 24 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 had | obj |
| 25 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 29 called | punct |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 first | det |
| 27 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 29 called | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 called | aux:pass |
| 29 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 sons | acl |
| 30 | Dmítri | Dmítri | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 called | xcomp |
| 31 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Dmítri | flat |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 Vasíli | punct |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 Vasíli | det |
| 34 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 35 Vasíli | amod |
| 35 | Vasíli | Vasíli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Dmítri | conj |
| 36 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Vasíli | flat |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 Tsarévich | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 Tsarévich | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 Tsarévich | det |
| 40 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 42 Tsarévich | amod |
| 41 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Tsarévich | compound |
| 42 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 called | conj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | there | a certain kingdom parataxis; once property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | live | past | there | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | have | past | Tsar | three sons | who nsubj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | |||
| 4 | call | past · passive | three sons not said here | the first | Dmítri and the second Vasíli xcomp; the third Iván Tsarévich conj | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/10/56/