Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 10, sentence 69
He sat under the same apple-tree, and sat there one hour and went to sleep so soundly that he never heard the coming of the Bird of Light, which flew on to the tree, perched on it, and plucked many apples.
Who acts: LIGHT · What happens: sit, go, sleep, not hear, come, fly on · To what, where: same apple tree, tree, many apples
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LIGHT), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 sat | nsubj |
| 2 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | under | under | ADP | _ | 8 tree | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 tree | det |
| 5 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 tree | amod |
| 6 | apple | apple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 tree | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 apple | punct |
| 8 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sat | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sat | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 sat | cc |
| 11 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 sat | conj |
| 12 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 11 sat | advmod |
| 13 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 hour | nummod |
| 14 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sat | obl:unmarked |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 went | cc |
| 16 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 sat | conj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 sleep | mark |
| 18 | sleep | sleep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 went | xcomp |
| 19 | so | so | ADV | _ | 20 soundly | advmod |
| 20 | soundly | soundly | ADV | _ | 16 went | advmod |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 heard | mark |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 heard | nsubj |
| 23 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 24 heard | advmod |
| 24 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 went | advcl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 coming | det |
| 26 | coming | come | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 heard | xcomp |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 Bird | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Bird | det |
| 29 | Bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 coming | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 Light | case |
| 31 | Light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 Bird | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 flew | punct |
| 33 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 flew | nsubj |
| 34 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 Light | acl:relcl |
| 35 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 flew | compound:prt |
| 36 | to | to | ADP | _ | 38 tree | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 tree | det |
| 38 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 flew | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 perched | punct |
| 40 | perched | perch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 tree | acl |
| 41 | on | on | ADP | _ | 42 it | case |
| 42 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 perched | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 plucked | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 plucked | cc |
| 45 | plucked | pluck | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 sat | conj |
| 46 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 apples | amod |
| 47 | apples | apple | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 plucked | obj |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sat | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | past | LIGHT | the same apple tree | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under tree=Location | ||||
| 2 | sit | past | LIGHT not said here | there | hour | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | go | past | LIGHT not said here | soundly property | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | sleep | to-infinitive | LIGHT not said here | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | not hear | past | LIGHT | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | come | gerund | LIGHT not said here | of the Bird of Light | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme of bird=Initial_Location | ||||
| 7 | fly on | past | Light | to the tree result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to tree=Result | ||||
| 8 | perch | participle | the tree not said here | on BIRD | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on it=Location | ||||
| 9 | pluck | past | LIGHT not said here | many apples | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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