Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 10, sentence 98
He took the Bird out of the cage, and was going back, and then he thought and said to himself: “Why should I take the Bird of Light without the cage?
Who acts: IVÁN · What happens: take, go back, think, say · To what, where: Bird, cage, IVÁN · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (IVÁN), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 took | nsubj |
| 2 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Bird | det |
| 4 | Bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obj |
| 5 | out | out | ADP | _ | 8 cage | case |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 cage | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 cage | det |
| 8 | cage | cage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 going | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 going | cc |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 going | aux |
| 12 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 took | advcl |
| 13 | back | back | ADV | _ | 12 going | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 thought | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 thought | cc |
| 16 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 thought | advmod |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 thought | nsubj |
| 18 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 took | parataxis |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 said | cc |
| 20 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 thought | conj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 himself | case |
| 22 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 20 said | obl |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 28 take | punct |
| 24 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 take | punct |
| 25 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 take | advmod |
| 26 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 take | aux |
| 27 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 take | nsubj |
| 28 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 said | ccomp |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Bird | det |
| 30 | Bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 take | obj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 Light | case |
| 32 | Light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 Bird | nmod |
| 33 | without | without | ADP | _ | 35 cage | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 cage | det |
| 35 | cage | cage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 take | obl |
| 36 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | IVÁN = iván | the Bird | the cage | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent bird=Theme out cage=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | go back | past · progressive | IVÁN = iván not said here | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | think speech: other | past | IVÁN = iván | then | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | say speech: ask | past | IVÁN = iván not said here | IVÁN = iván | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | take in a quote | should | IVÁN = iván | the Bird of Light | without the cage | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument bird=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/10/98/