Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 11, sentence 20
All the maids of honour and servants and attendants and _boyáryni_ ran swiftly into the palace and began to set a hunt on foot, but however many the hunters that hunted, they could not hunt down the grey Wolf, and so they all turned back home again frustrated.
Who acts: maids, many hunters · What happens: run, begin, set, hunt, not hunt down, turn back · To what, where: palace, hunt, foot, grey Wolf
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (maids, many hunters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 maids | det:predet |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 maids | det |
| 3 | maids | maid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 ran | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 honour | case |
| 5 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 maids | nmod |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 servants | cc |
| 7 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 honour | conj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 attendants | cc |
| 9 | attendants | attendant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 servants | conj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 boyáryni | cc |
| 11 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 12 boyáryni | punct |
| 12 | boyáryni | boyáryni | X | Foreign=Yes | 3 maids | conj |
| 13 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 14 ran | punct |
| 14 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | swiftly | swiftly | ADV | _ | 14 ran | advmod |
| 16 | into | into | ADP | _ | 18 palace | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 palace | det |
| 18 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 ran | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 began | cc |
| 20 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 ran | conj |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 set | mark |
| 22 | set | set | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 began | xcomp |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 hunt | det |
| 24 | hunt | hunt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 set | obj |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 foot | case |
| 26 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 set | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 hunters | punct |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 32 hunters | cc |
| 29 | however | however | ADV | _ | 30 many | advmod |
| 30 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 hunters | amod |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 hunters | det |
| 32 | hunters | hunter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 ran | advcl |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 hunted | nsubj |
| 34 | hunted | hunt | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 hunters | acl:relcl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 hunt | punct |
| 36 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 hunt | nsubj |
| 37 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 hunt | aux |
| 38 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 hunt | advmod |
| 39 | hunt | hunt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 ran | conj |
| 40 | down | down | ADP | _ | 39 hunt | compound:prt |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 Wolf | det |
| 42 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 Wolf | amod |
| 43 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 hunt | obj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 turned | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 turned | cc |
| 46 | so | so | ADV | _ | 49 turned | advmod |
| 47 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 turned | nsubj |
| 48 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 47 they | det |
| 49 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 ran | conj |
| 50 | back | back | ADV | _ | 49 turned | advmod |
| 51 | home | home | ADV | _ | 49 turned | advmod |
| 52 | again | again | ADV | _ | 53 frustrated | advmod |
| 53 | frustrated | frustrated | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 turned | xcomp |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | all maids of honour and servants and attendants | into the palace result; the many hunters advcl; swiftly property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into palace=Result | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | all maids of honour and servants and attendants not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | set | to-infinitive | all maids of honour and servants and attendants not said here | a hunt | foot | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent hunt=Theme on foot=Destination | |||
| 4 | hunt | past | the many hunters | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | not hunt down | could | maids = maid | the grey Wolf | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Theme | ||||
| 6 | turn back | past | maids = maid | frustrated, home property | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/11/20/