Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 11, sentence 53
“I am Princess Eléna the Fair; and Iván Tsarévich found me, whom ye have slain, whom ye have given over to an evil death: if ye were good champions, ye would have gone with him into the open field and have slain him in fair fight.
Who acts: Dmítri, Iván, ye · What happens: be, find, have, give over, go, slay · To what, where: Princess Eléna, Dmítri, slain, evil death, good champions, open field · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dmítri, Iván, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 Eléna | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 Eléna | nsubj |
| 3 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 Eléna | cop |
| 4 | Princess | Princess | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Eléna | compound |
| 5 | Eléna | Eléna | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Fair | det |
| 7 | Fair | Fair | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Eléna | appos |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 found | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 Iván | cc |
| 10 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 found | nsubj |
| 11 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Iván | flat |
| 12 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 Eléna | acl:relcl |
| 13 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 found | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 have | punct |
| 15 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 have | obj |
| 16 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 17 have | nsubj |
| 17 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 found | ccomp |
| 18 | slain | slain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 have | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 given | punct |
| 20 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 given | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 23 given | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 given | aux |
| 23 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 slain | appos |
| 24 | over | over | ADV | _ | 23 given | advmod |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 death | case |
| 26 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 death | det |
| 27 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 death | amod |
| 28 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 given | obl |
| 29 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 39 gone | punct |
| 30 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 34 champions | mark |
| 31 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 34 champions | nsubj |
| 32 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 champions | cop |
| 33 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 champions | amod |
| 34 | champions | champion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 gone | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 champions | punct |
| 36 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 39 gone | nsubj |
| 37 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 gone | aux |
| 38 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 39 gone | aux |
| 39 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 have | parataxis |
| 40 | with | with | ADP | _ | 41 him | case |
| 41 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 gone | obl |
| 42 | into | into | ADP | _ | 45 field | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 field | det |
| 44 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 field | amod |
| 45 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 gone | obl |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 slain | cc |
| 47 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 48 slain | aux |
| 48 | slain | slay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 39 gone | conj |
| 49 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 slain | obj |
| 50 | in | in | ADP | _ | 52 fight | case |
| 51 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 fight | amod |
| 52 | fight | fight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 slain | obl |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 Eléna | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | Dmítri | Princess Eléna | the Fair appos | tree rules | |||
| 2 | find in a quote | past | Iván | Dmítri | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent i=Attribute clause=Theme | ||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | ye | slain | whom obj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | give over in a quote | present · perfect · passive | slain | a evil death | ye nsubj:pass; over property | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to death=Recipient | |||
| 5 | is a a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | past | ye | good champions | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | go in a quote | would · perfect | ye | the open field | with Iván | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into field=Initial_Location | |||
| 7 | slay in a quote | present · perfect | ye not said here | Iván | fair fight | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/11/53/