Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 11, sentence 8
Iván Tsarévich went out of the palace and began to weep bitterly: then he came to the grey Wolf and related how it had gone with him.
Who acts: Iván, Wolf · What happens: go out, begin, weep, come, go · To what, where: palace, grey Wolf
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván, Wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 went | nsubj |
| 2 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Iván | flat |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 7 palace | case |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 palace | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 palace | det |
| 7 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 began | cc |
| 9 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 weep | mark |
| 11 | weep | weep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 began | xcomp |
| 12 | bitterly | bitterly | ADV | _ | 11 weep | advmod |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 came | punct |
| 14 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 came | advmod |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 came | nsubj |
| 16 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | parataxis |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 Wolf | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Wolf | det |
| 19 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 Wolf | amod |
| 20 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 came | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 gone | cc |
| 22 | related | related | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 gone | advcl |
| 23 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 26 gone | advmod |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 gone | nsubj |
| 25 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 gone | aux |
| 26 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 came | conj |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 him | case |
| 28 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 gone | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go out | past | Iván | the palace | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | Iván not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | weep | to-infinitive | Iván not said here | bitterly property | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | come | past | Iván | the grey Wolf | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to wolf=Initial_Location | |||
| 5 | go | past · perfect | Wolf | with Iván | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with he=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/11/8/