Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 12, sentence 21
The old man went to sleep; so the pope abstracted the wafers from his pocket and silently began eating them.
Who acts: old man, pope · What happens: go, sleep, abstract, begin, eat · To what, where: wafers, pocket
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, pope), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 man | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 man | amod |
| 3 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 sleep | mark |
| 6 | sleep | sleep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 went | xcomp |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 abstracted | punct |
| 8 | so | so | ADV | _ | 11 abstracted | advmod |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 pope | det |
| 10 | pope | pope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 abstracted | nsubj |
| 11 | abstracted | abstract | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | parataxis |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 wafers | det |
| 13 | wafers | wafer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 abstracted | obj |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 pocket | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 pocket | nmod:poss |
| 16 | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 abstracted | obl | ||
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 began | cc |
| 18 | silently | silently | ADV | _ | 19 began | advmod |
| 19 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 abstracted | conj |
| 20 | eating | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 began | xcomp |
| 21 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 eating | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | the old man | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | sleep | to-infinitive | the old man not said here | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | abstract | past | the pope | the wafers | pope's pocket | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent wafer=Theme from pocket=Initial_Location | |||
| 4 | begin | past | the pope not said here | silently property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | eat | gerund | the pope not said here | wafers = wafer | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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