Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 15, sentence 105
So they asked the widow for a night’s rest, and the widow was poor, poor of the poorest; she had nothing at all.
Who acts: Christ, widow · What happens: ask, be, have · To what, where: widow, nothing, all
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Christ, widow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 asked | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 asked | nsubj |
| 3 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 widow | det |
| 5 | widow | widow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 asked | obj |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 rest | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 night | det |
| 8 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 rest | nmod:poss |
| 9 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 8 night | case |
| 10 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 asked | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 poor | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 poor | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 widow | det |
| 14 | widow | widow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 poor | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 poor | cop |
| 16 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 asked | parataxis |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 poor | punct |
| 18 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 poor | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 poorest | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 poorest | det |
| 21 | poorest | poor | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 18 poor | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 had | punct |
| 23 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 had | nsubj |
| 24 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 asked | conj |
| 25 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 24 had | obj |
| 26 | at | at | ADP | _ | 27 all | case |
| 27 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 25 nothing | nmod |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | Christ | the widow | for a night's rest | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent widow=Recipient | |||
| 2 | is | past | the widow | poor property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | the widow not said here | of the poorest | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | have | past | WIDOW | nothing | all | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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