Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 15, sentence 11
“What is the meaning of the black horseman who overtook me as I reached your door, grandmother?”
Who acts: black horseman, Bába · What happens: be, overtake, reach · To what, where: meaning, Bába, door
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (black horseman, Bába), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 meaning | punct |
| 2 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 meaning | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 meaning | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 meaning | det |
| 5 | meaning | meaning | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 horseman | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 horseman | det |
| 8 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 horseman | amod |
| 9 | horseman | horseman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 meaning | nmod |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 overtook | nsubj |
| 11 | overtook | overtake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 horseman | acl:relcl |
| 12 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 overtook | obj |
| 13 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 15 reached | mark |
| 14 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 reached | nsubj |
| 15 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 overtook | advcl |
| 16 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 door | nmod:poss |
| 17 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 reached | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 grandmother | punct |
| 19 | grandmother | grandmother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 door | conj |
| 20 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 meaning | punct |
| 21 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 meaning | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | the meaning | of the black horseman; What nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | overtake in a quote | past | the black horseman | Bába | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | reach in a quote | past | Bába | your door and grandmother | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent door=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/15/11/