Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 15, sentence 18
“It is well you asked only about things you saw in the courtyard, and not about things without it, for I do not like people to tell tales out of school, and I eat up everybody who is too curious.
Who acts: It, you, I · What happens: be, see, not like, tell, eat up · To what, where: things, courtyard, people, tales, school, everybody · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (It, you, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 asked | punct |
| 2 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 asked | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 asked | cop |
| 4 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 asked | advmod |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 asked | nsubj |
| 6 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | only | only | ADV | _ | 9 things | advmod |
| 8 | about | about | ADP | _ | 9 things | case |
| 9 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 asked | obj |
| 10 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 saw | nsubj |
| 11 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 things | acl:relcl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 courtyard | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 courtyard | det |
| 14 | courtyard | courtyard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 saw | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 things | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 things | cc |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 things | advmod |
| 18 | about | about | ADP | _ | 19 things | case |
| 19 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 asked | obl |
| 20 | without | without | ADP | _ | 21 it | case |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 things | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 like | punct |
| 23 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 27 like | mark |
| 24 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 27 like | nsubj |
| 25 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 like | aux |
| 26 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 like | advmod |
| 27 | like | like | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 asked | ccomp |
| 28 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 like | obj |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 tell | mark |
| 30 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 like | xcomp |
| 31 | tales | tale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 tell | obj |
| 32 | out | out | ADP | _ | 34 school | case |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 school | case |
| 34 | school | school | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 tell | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 eat | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 eat | cc |
| 37 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 eat | nsubj |
| 38 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 asked | parataxis |
| 39 | up | up | ADP | _ | 38 eat | compound:prt |
| 40 | everybody | everybody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 38 eat | obj |
| 41 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 44 curious | nsubj |
| 42 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 curious | cop |
| 43 | too | too | ADV | _ | 44 curious | advmod |
| 44 | curious | curious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 everybody | acl:relcl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be speech: ask in a quote | present | It | about things without courtyard; you nsubj; ask, well property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | see in a quote | past | you | things not said here | the courtyard | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | not like in a quote | present · do-support | I | people | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | tell speech: assert not said to happen, in a quote | to-infinitive | I not said here | tales | school | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tale=Recipient | |||
| 5 | eat up in a quote | present | I | everybody | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everybody=Patient | ||||
| 6 | is in a quote | present | who nsubj; curious property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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